Risk Considerations

The risk of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations may cause the value of securities denominated in such foreign currency to decline in value. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time. These risks may be more pronounced for investments in securities of issuers located in, or otherwise economically tied to, emerging countries. If applicable, investment techniques used to attempt to reduce the risk of currency movements (hedging), may not be effective. Hedging also involves additional risks associated with derivatives.

Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) strategies may take risks or eliminate exposures found in other strategies or broad market benchmarks that may cause performance to diverge from the performance of these other strategies or market benchmarks. ESG strategies will be subject to the risks associated with their underlying investments’ asset classes. Further, the demand within certain markets or sectors that an ESG strategy targets may not develop as forecasted or may develop more slowly than anticipated.

Investments in fixed income securities are subject to the risks associated with debt securities generally, including credit, liquidity, interest rate, prepayment and extension risk. Bond prices fluctuate inversely to changes in interest rates. Therefore, a general rise in interest rates can result in the decline in the bond’s price.  The value of securities with variable and floating interest rates are generally less sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with fixed interest rates. Variable and floating rate securities may decline in value if interest rates do not move as expected. Conversely, variable and floating rate securities will not generally rise in value if market interest rates decline. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer will default on payments of interest and principal. Credit risk is higher when investing in high yield bonds, also known as junk bonds. Prepayment risk is the risk that the issuer of a security may pay off principal more quickly than originally anticipated. Extension risk is the risk that the issuer of a security may pay off principal more slowly than originally anticipated. All fixed income investments may be worth less than their original cost upon

Investments in fixed-income securities are subject to credit and interest rate risks. Bond prices fluctuate inversely to changes in interest rates. Therefore, a general rise in interest rates can result in the decline in the bond’s price. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer will default on payments of interest and principal. This risk is higher when investing in high yield bonds, also known as junk bonds, which have lower ratings and are subject to greater volatility. All fixed income investments may be worth less than their original cost upon redemption or maturity. Income from municipal securities is generally free from federal taxes and state taxes for residents of the issuing state. While the interest income is tax-free, capital gains, if any, will be subject to taxes. Income for some investors may be subject to the federal Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT). Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) is a federal tax aimed at ensuring that high-income individuals, estates, trusts, and corporations pay a minimal level income tax. For individuals, the AMT is calculated by adding tax preference items to regular taxable income

When interest rates increase, fixed income securities will generally decline in value. Fluctuations in interest rates may also affect the yield and liquidity of fixed income securities. 

Goldman Sachs does not provide legal, tax or accounting advice and prospective investors should speak to their own tax advisors regarding any of the strategies described here. Income from qualifying municipal securities is generally free from federal taxes and state taxes for residents of the issuing state. While the interest income may be tax-free, capital gains, if any, will be subject to taxes. Income for some investors may be subject to the federal Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) and/or state law equivalents. Imposition of the AMT is aimed at ensuring that high-income individuals, estates, trusts, and corporations pay a minimal level income tax. For individuals, the AMT is calculated by adding tax preference items to regular taxable income. There can be no guarantees that the strategies described here will take into account all applicable federal, state, or local tax considerations relevant to an SMA client. Moreover, while the strategies are broadly focused on enhancing after-tax yield relative to a benchmark portfolio, the strategies could produce a lower after-tax return than investments in other fixed income assets that are higher yielding on a pre-tax basis.

General Disclosures

There is no guarantee that objectives will be met.

Goldman Sachs does not provide legal, tax or accounting advice, unless explicitly agreed between you and Goldman Sachs (generally through certain services offered only to clients of Private Wealth Management). Any statement contained in this presentation concerning U.S. tax matters is not intended or written to be used and cannot be used for the purpose of avoiding penalties imposed on the relevant taxpayer. Notwithstanding anything in this document to the contrary, and except as required to enable compliance with applicable securities law, you may disclose to any person the US federal and state income tax treatment and tax structure of the transaction and all materials of any kind (including tax opinions and other tax analyses) that are provided to you relating to such tax treatment and tax structure, without Goldman Sachs imposing any limitation of any kind. Investors should be aware that a determination of the tax consequences to them should take into account their specific circumstances and that the tax law is subject to change in the future or retroactively and investors are strongly urged to consult with their own tax advisor regarding any potential strategy, investment or transaction.

Past performance does not guarantee future results, which may vary. The value of investments and the income derived from investments will fluctuate and can go down as well as up. A loss of principal may occur.

A separately managed account (SMA) is a private portfolio of actively managed, individual securities that may be customized to achieve an individual investor's unique objectives. 

SMA accounts typically require a minimum investment of $250k for equity and fixed income strategies, although the specific minimum account size varies by program and may be subject to change. The manager may waive these minimums based on client type, asset class, pre-existing relationship with client and other factors. For certain accounts, a negotiated minimum annual fee applies. Please consult with your financial professional for applicable minimums. 

Please check with your financial professional for specific product availability. This information may change without notice. From time to time, we may close or reopen strategies.

The cost basis of a tax loss harvesting portfolio is driven down due to the realization of capital losses, creating a potential future tax liability.  For investors who will eventually bequest their tax loss harvesting portfolio to charity or to their heirs upon death, taxes on the unrealized gains are generally avoided. However, if the tax loss harvesting portfolio is liquidated, the investor will pay taxes on the realized gains upon liquidation. Gross after-tax calculations include realized losses incurred by the portfolio but do not account for unrealized gains. If the portfolio is neither gifted nor bequeathed, the investor will pay taxes on the realized gains upon liquidation, which will affect after-tax returns.

This information discusses general market activity, industry or sector trends, or other broad-based economic, market or political conditions and should not be construed as research or investment advice. This material has been prepared by Goldman Sachs Asset Management and is not financial research nor a product of Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research (GIR). It was not prepared in compliance with applicable provisions of law designed to promote the independence of financial analysis and is not subject to a prohibition on trading following the distribution of financial research. The views and opinions expressed may differ from those of Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research or other departments or divisions of Goldman Sachs and its affiliates. Investors are urged to consult with their financial advisors before buying or selling any securities. This information may not be current and Goldman Sachs Asset Management has no obligation to provide any updates or changes.

THIS MATERIAL DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER OR SOLICITATION IN ANY JURISDICTION WHERE OR TO ANY PERSON TO WHOM IT WOULD BE UNAUTHORIZED OR UNLAWFUL TO DO SO.

Prospective investors should inform themselves as to any applicable legal requirements and taxation and exchange control regulations in the countries of their citizenship, residence or domicile which might be relevant. This material is provided for informational purposes only and should not be construed as investment advice or an offer or solicitation to buy or sell securities.

This material is provided for informational purposes only and should not be construed as investment advice or an offer or solicitation to buy or sell securities. This material is not intended to be used as a general guide to investing, or as a source of any specific investment recommendations, and makes no implied or express recommendations concerning the manner in which any client’s account should or would be handled, as appropriate investment strategies depend upon the client’s investment objectives.

Views and opinions expressed are for informational purposes only and do not constitute a recommendation by Goldman Sachs Asset Management to buy, sell, or hold any security. Views and opinions are current as of the date of this presentation and may be subject to change, they should not be construed as investment advice.

As part of our investment process, we may integrate ESG factors alongside traditional factors. The identification of a risk related to an ESG factor will not necessarily exclude a particular investment that, in our view, is otherwise suitable and attractively priced for investment, and we may invest in an issuer without integrating ESG factors or considerations into our investment process. Moreover, ESG information, whether from an external and/or internal source, is, by nature and in many instances, based on a qualitative and subjective assessment. An element of subjectivity and discretion is therefore inherent to the interpretation and use of ESG data. The relevance and weightings of specific ESG factors to or within the investment process vary across asset classes, sectors and strategies and no one factor or consideration is determinative. Goldman Sachs Asset Management in its sole discretion and without notice may periodically update or change the process for conducting its ESG assessments and implementation of its ESG views in portfolios, including the format and content of such analysis and the tools and/or data used to perform such analysis. Accordingly, the type of assessments depicted here may not be performed for every portfolio holding. The process for conducting ESG assessments and implementation of ESG views in portfolios, including the format and content of such analysis and the tools and/or data used to perform such analysis, may also vary among portfolio management teams.

There is no guarantee that objectives will be met.

Goldman Sachs Asset Management, LP is a U.S. registered investment adviser, and is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.  The investment advisory services, strategies and are provided by Goldman Sachs Asset Management, LP. 

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